Laboratory Design Handbook

The use of chemicals and other potentially hazardous compounds separates laboratories from other types of building spaces. Protecting the health and safety of laboratory and building occupants must be the primary concern. Comfort and energy-efficiency are also of considerable importance. The space temperature must remain comfortable for occupants while maintaining an appropriate temperature for chemical processes. At the same time, facilities are under pressure to minimize operating costs.

Even including the general criterion of safety, not all laboratories are alike. Different laboratories contain different hazard levels and uses. As an extreme example, it would be inappropriate to design a high-containment biological laboratory as if it were a general chemistry laboratory due to the high consequences should a biological laboratory’s containment be breached. A host of criteria, including safety, comfort and energy efficiency, must be considered when a laboratory is planned or renovated in order to determine the optimal design.

Contents
Introduction
General Goals of Laboratory
Safety
Comfort
Energy Efficiency
Laboratory Ventilation
Determining Supply Air Needed
Lab Control Type
Constant Volume
2-Position
Warning
Variable Air Volume (VAV)
Diversity
Laboratory Room Controls
Direct Pressure Controls
Flow Tracking Controls
Flow Tracking with Pressure Feedback Controls
Temperature Control
Fume Hoods
Architectural Issues
Fume Hood Testing
Test 1—Flow Visualization
Test 2—Face Velocity
Test 3—Containment
Fume Hood Control Type
Constant Volume Fume Hoods
2-Position Fume Hoods
VAV Fume Hoods
VAV Hood Controls
Sash Position Controls
Sidewall Sensing Controls
Control Components
Dampers
Flow Stations
Venturi Valves
Conclusion
Appendix A—Other Sources of Information
Appendix B—Calculating Airflows with Diversity
Appendix C—Control Sequence
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