Introduction
Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) relates to systems that perform processes designed to regulate the air conditions within buildings for the comfort and safety of occupants or for commercial and industrial processes or for storage of goods. HVAC systems condition and move air to desired areas of an indoor environment to create and maintain desirable temperature, humidity, ventilation and air purity.
Depending on geographic location and building construction, various types of interior climate control systems help ensure that interior spaces are maintained at comfortable levels year-round. With today’s energy conservation concerns, buildings are constructed to be much tighter, reducing the level of natural exchange between indoor and outdoor air. As a result, more and more buildings rely on mechanical conditioning and distribution systems for managing air.
A properly operated HVAC system finds the often-delicate balance between optimizing occupant comfort while controlling operating costs. Comfort is an important issue for occupant satisfaction, which can directly affect occupants concentration and productivity. At the same time, controlling these comfort and health parameters directly affects HVAC system operating costs in terms of energy, maintenance and equipment life.
This handbook is not intended to be a comprehensive guide for all possible issues associated with HVAC system operation and maintenance. There are volumes on the subject. Rather, it highlights some measurements and techniques that can be used to evaluate HVAC systems for optimum operation.
Contents
Introduction
Building Design and Operation
Efficiency vs. Effectiveness
Special Considerations
Indoor Air Quality
Outdoor Air
Key Performance Measurements
Air handling equipment
Combustion analysis
Air velocity
Ventilation
Air volume and number of changes
Thermal Comfort
Airborne contaminants as related to Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
Differential Pressure
System Pressure
Air Filters
Conclusion
Sources for Information Relating to Managing Mechanical HVAC Systems
Standards and Guidelines
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Air Quality Guidelines
Glossary
Typical Mechanical Ventilation System
VTI Instruments from TSI
Notes
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